Search results for: “dentsu”

  • Dentsu acquires Gleam Futures via Dentsu Aegis Network as a cultural bridge

    Dentsu acquires Gleam Futures via Dentsu Aegis Network as a cultural bridge

    Dentsu uses London based Dentsu Aegis Network as a cultural bridge to acquire representation of about 40 YouTube stars

    Dentsu acquires Gleam Futures: invests to acquire 90% ownership

    Dentsu acquires Gleam Futures, who “develop, monetize & protect” digital-first talent, ie mainly YouTube focused stars.

    Japanese companies have a dramatically different culture than Western, European or US companies, and Dentsu is one of Japan’s more traditional companies, at the same time home to Japanese creative talent.

    To bridge this gap in cultures, Dentsu acquired the French/UK company Aegis Group plc on 5 July 2012, creating Dentsu Aegis Network. Dentsu has used Dentsu Aegis Network as a bridge head for many acquisitions in Europe and the Mediterranean are, bridging cultural differences.

    Gleam Futures: “We manage digital-first talent”

    Gleam Futures describe their business as “we develop, monetize & protect” digital-first talent, e.g. YouTube stars.

    • Established: 2010
    • Employees: 37
    • Talents: 40
    • Combined subscriber base: approx. 60 million
    • Revenues: UK Pounds 4.35 million (Fiscal Year ending Dec 2016
    • Founder & CEO: Dominic Smales
    http://www.gleamfutures.com

    Zoella

    11,838,878 subscribers as of 22 June 2017

    Caspar Lee

    7,197,168 subscribers as of 22 June 2017

    Marcus Butler

    4,611,346 subscribers as of 22 June 2017

    Total: approx. 60 million subscribers

    Copyright (c) 2017 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • abaGada, Israeli digital performance agency, acquired by Dentsu and to be rebranded as iProspect

    abaGada, Israeli digital performance agency, acquired by Dentsu and to be rebranded as iProspect

    Dentsu continues acquisition of digital and mobile agencies in Europe and Israel

    To overcome cultural issues of a traditional Japanese leading corporation, Dentsu acquires via London based Dentsu Aegis Network

    by Gerhard Fasol

    On April 20, 2015 Dentsu announced another investment in its quest to strengthen its global footprint and to strengthen capabilities in mobile and digital: Dentsu acquires Israeli digital performance agency abaGada Internet Ltd..

    abaGada Internet Ltd. – performance marketing: “Building your online marketing strategy to deliver outstanding results”

    abaGada Internet Ltd. was founded by current CEO, Eval Chen, in May 2010 in Tel Aviv, Israel, and employs about 22 people.

    Revenues were about UKL 3.5 million in the year ended December 2014.

    abaGada performs search engine marketing (SEM) to increase customers’ website traffic, analysis of customer and user behavior.

    Dentsu plans to rebrand and integrate abaGada into Dentsu’s iProspect brand.

    abaGada as Dentsu’s technology hub in Israel

    Many large global corporations have operations in Israel to link into Israeli’s legendary innovative strengths. Israel’s technology strength and attraction for Japanese corporations was recently visualized at a series of events in Tokyo, e.g. The Israeli Venture Fund meeting in Tokyo on March 4, 2014.

    With the acquisition of abaGada, Densu now also has an antenna into Israel’s innovations.

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Mindworks – “the fastest growing digital agency in Greece” – to be acquired by Dentsu

    Mindworks – “the fastest growing digital agency in Greece” – to be acquired by Dentsu

    Dentsu continues acquisition of digital and mobile agencies in Europe

    To overcome cultural issues of a traditional Japanese leading corporation, Dentsu acquires via London based Dentsu Aegis Network

    by Gerhard Fasol

    On March 11, 2015 Dentsu announced another investment in its quest to strengthen its global footprint and to strengthen capabilities in mobile and digital: Dentsu acquires 80% of Greek leading independent digital agency Mindworks, and plans to integrate Mindworks into Dentsu’s Isobar and iProspect networks.

    Dentsu has also acquired options to acquire the remaining 20% of Mindworks by 2017.

    Mindworks – “the fastest growing digital agency in Greece”

    Mindworks was founded in 2003, acquired by Atcom in 2009, and became an independent company again in January 2015.

    As a division of Atcom, in the financial year ending December 2014, Mindworks had revenues of EURO 7.3 million. Mindworks has about 60 employees.

    Mindworks – to be renamed Isobar-iProspect Advertising Services SA

    Mindworks will be renamed Isobar-iProspect Advertising Services SA, and will be integrated into Dentsu’s global Isobar and iProspect brands, representing Isobar’s and iProspect’s entry into Greece’s markets.

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Lesmobilizers SAS acquired by Dentsu and to be integrated into Isobar

    Lesmobilizers SAS acquired by Dentsu and to be integrated into Isobar

    Dentsu acquires French mobile marketing agency Lesmobilizers

    Lesmobilizers SAS to be integrated into Dentsu’s Isobar

    by Gerhard Fasol

    On March 4, 2014 Dentsu announced further European investments in its quest to strengthen its global footprint: Dentsu acquires French mobile marketing agency Lesmobilizers SAS.

    Lesmobilizers SAS – Mobile Applications Creators

    Lesmobilizers SAS are a dedicated agency in design and development of mobile applications. The company was founded in March 2010 in Paris, France, and employees about 10 people.

    In the year ending December 2012, gross profits were about EURO 0.8 million.

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • explido acquired by Dentsu and to be integrated into Dentsu’s iProspect brand

    explido acquired by Dentsu and to be integrated into Dentsu’s iProspect brand

    Dentsu acquires German performance and search agency explido

    explido to be integrated by Dentsu into iProspect brand

    by Gerhard Fasol

    On February 28, 2014 Dentsu announced further European investments in its quest to strengthen its global footprint: Dentsu acquires German performance and search agency explido and integrates explido into Dentsu’s iProspect business and brand.

    explido GmbH & Co KG – Agentur für digitales Marketing und Vertrieb

    explido GmbH & Co KG offers digital marketing services, was founded in October 2002 in Augsburg, Germany, and employs about 135 people.

    explido achieved about EURO 11.7 million gross profits annually.

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media markets (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Socializer acquired in Poland by Dentsu, joins Isobar

    Socializer acquired in Poland by Dentsu, joins Isobar

    Dentsu acquires Socializer acquired in Poland

    by Gerhard Fasol

    Socializer joins Isobar

    On January 20, 2014 Dentsu announced further European investments in its quest to strengthen its global footprint: Dentsu acquires Poland’s social media agency Socializer

    Socializer SA

    Socializer SA was founded in Warsaw, Poland, in March 2011, earned gross profits of UKL 1.7 million in the financial year ended December 2012, and employs about 130 people.

    Socializer provider advertising and communications services using Social Media (SNS).

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Ymedia SL and Wink TTD SL investments by Dentsu in Spain

    Ymedia SL and Wink TTD SL investments by Dentsu in Spain

    by Gerhard Fasol

    Dentsu further expands the global footprint in Spain

    On September 20, 2013 Dentsu announced further European investments this year in its quest to strengthen its global footprint:

    • acquisition of 51% of Ymedia SL via Aegis Media Iberia, full 100% acquisition expected by 2019
    • acquisition of 31.8% of Wink TTD SL via Aegis Media Iberia, full 100% acquisition expected by 2019

    Ymedia SL

    Ymedia SL is a full-service media agency, founded in December 2006 and based in Madrid, Spain, employing about 50 people.
    Gross profits in the year ending Dec 2012 were about UKL 8.8 million.

    Wink TTD SL – “Transforming through Digital”

    Wink TTD SL: a communication agency for digital transformation.

    Gabriel Saenz de Buruaga (former worldwide CEO for Havas Digital) and Alejandro Esteves (former Managing Director of Aegis Media, Spain) founded Wink TTD SL in November 2011 in Madrid, Spain, employing about 40 people.
    Gross profits in the year ending Dec 2012 were about UKL 5.1 million.

    Wink TTD SL has the following six founding principles:

    1. Fast fish eat slow fish
    2. Sector exclusivity
    3. Best talent in the market
    4. Senior talent dedication to clients
    5. We charge for what we do

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Simple Agency srl investment by Japan’s advertising giant Dentsu

    Simple Agency srl investment by Japan’s advertising giant Dentsu

    by Gerhard Fasol

    Dentsu further expands the global footprint in Europe

    Social, content and digital marketing empowerment based in Italy

    On July 30, 2013 Dentsu announced another European investment this year in its quest to strengthen its global footprint: the acquisition of a 70% majority share in the Italian
    Simple Agency via Aegis Media Italia, a of subsidiary Dentsu Aegis Network Ltd.

    Simple Agency srl – “Digital Marketing Empowerment”

    Simple Agency srl was founded in April 2008 in Milan, Italy, by Marco Caradonna, and employs about 30 people.

    Simple Agency has two parts:

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Japan’s media sector – research report

    Copyright (c) 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Social Embassy BV acquired by Dentsu

    Social Embassy BV acquired by Dentsu

    Dentsu further expands the global footprint in Europe

    Content & community management, brand engagement, social media, SNS advertising based in The Netherlands

    by Gerhard Fasol

    On May 23, 2013 Dentsu announced another European acquisition within the single month of May 2013 in its quest to strengthen its global footprint: the acquisition of the leading Dutch social media agency Social Embassy BV via its European subsidiary Dentsu Aegis Network Ltd.

    Social Embassy BV

    Social Embassy BV is The Netherlands’ largest social media agency, based in Amsterdam. The company was founded in 2008 by Steven Jongeneel and co-founder Niels van der Velden, and focuses on strategy & insights, content & community management, creative, brand engagement and advertising.

    The company employed about 30 people when Dentsu acquired it.

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Kinecto, Romania’s leading digital advertising agency acquired by Dentsu

    Kinecto, Romania’s leading digital advertising agency acquired by Dentsu

    by Gerhard Fasol

    Renamed Kinecto Isobar

    On May 14, 2013 Dentsu announced the acquisition of the Romanian digital advertising agency Kinecto via its subsidiary Dentsu-Aegis, based in London. Following the acquisition, the company was renamed Kinecto Isobar.

    Kinecto

    Kinecto International SRL is one of the most important digital advertising agencies in Romania, and was founded in 2002 by Dr Radu Ionesco and has about 10 employees.

    The company focuses on online and social media campaigns, CRM programs, creative and production services for websites and micro websites, email marketing and search engine marketing

    Before acquisition by Dentsu-Aegis, the company was part of the Tempo Creative Group.

    Dentsu and Dentsu-Aegis

    Dentsu dominates Japan’s advertising space, and is a very very strong force in Japan’s media industry sector, through control and management of major advertising channels with an overwhelming market share in Japan, and has been working hard to leverage its creative power and strength in Japan into a larger global footprint.

    A big step forward towards a larger global footprint for Dentsu was the acquisition of the London based Aegis Group, announced on July 5, 2012.

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Dentsu acquires Aegis

    Dentsu acquires Aegis

    Aegis Group plc, a UK company with French roots

    by Gerhard Fasol

    Dentsu’s challenge to grow global footprint while managing cultural differences

    On Thursday, July 5th, 2012, Dentsu announced the acquisition of Aegis Group plc, a UK company with French roots, centered on media advertising media buying.

    Dentsu’s need to globalize

    Driving this acquisition was Dentsu’s need to globalize, to create the necessary global footprint to compete with Publicis, WPP, Omnicom, Interpublic, Havas on one hand, and with newcomers Google and Facebook.

    Dentsu Aegis Network created to overcome cultural issues

    To overcome the important cultural issues of Japan-focused Dentsu, the “Dentsu Aegis Network” was created which combines seven major global brands:

    • Carat
    • Dentsu
    • Dentsu Media
    • iProspect
    • Isobar
    • Posterscope
    • Vizeum

    Dentsu acquires expertise in local markets

    This acquisition enables Dentsu to acquire companies in local markets via this new European subsidiary. For European examples, see our listing of Japanese acquisitions in Europe.

    Previously, Dentsu had acquired:

    • Steak Group, a UK based digital media group
    • Adjug, a UK based advertising exchange

    Report on Japan’s media landscape (150 pages, pdf file):

    Copyright 2013 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Financial Times to be sold to Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation (株式会社日本経済新聞社, Nikkei Inc.)

    Financial Times to be sold to Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation (株式会社日本経済新聞社, Nikkei Inc.)

    Nikkei won the race. Axel Springer withdrew. £ 94 million made the difference.

    by Gerhard Fasol

    On July 23, 2015 at 15:13 (3:13 pm) British Summer Time, Pearson and Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation announced the sale of the Financial Times Newspaper to Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation for £ 844 million (approx. US$ 1.3 billion) – sending shock waves around the global news industry.

    FT: £ 94 million made the difference.

    The Financial Times reported that Germany’s Axel Springer Verlag had offered £ 750 million in cash, but within the last 5 weeks Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation (Nikkei) quickly closed the acquisition with a 12% higher cash offer of £ 844 million, while Axel Springer withdrew. So it seems that in the end £ 94 million made the difference.

    As a privately held company, Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation can act faster, and has far less constraints than the publicly traded Axel Springer Corporation.

    Clearly in the best case, this acquisition will help Nikkei Inc to globalize and to bring Japan’s financial news and scoops via Financial Times to Western audiences, and vice-versa, and help both to learn from each other to speed up and expand the transition from paper to new digital business models.

    Cultural issues and language issues: for effective cooperation, Financial Times leaders will need to learn Japanese and/or Nihon Keizai Shinbun leaders will need to learn much more English….

    Writing news is an intensely intellectual activity. There will be interactions between Nikkei’s almost 100% Japanese reporters and Financial Times’ much more diverse creators. Given that almost zero of Financial Times’s staff speak any Japanese, and that knowledge of English language by Nikkei’s creators and editors is extremely limited, these interactions will be necessarily very limited, and will need intense efforts to expand. As you know, learning Japanese for Western people, and learning English for Japanese people is extremely difficult, especially at the level of writing compelling news to short deadlines and for some of the world’s most clever and demanding audiences – who are always able to defect to a Bloomberg terminal or to a news startup – or from this autumn to Apple-News.

    Success of this acquisition is possible and could bring great benefits, but is by no means guaranteed.

    Much has been written about editorial independence, separation of content creation vs advertising, and differences in editorial style and aggressive reporting between Financial Times’ aggressive London style vs Nikkei’s more obedient Tokyo style. Surely both can learn from each other!

    Note also that the acquisition is subject to “regulatory approval”, and this may well impose conditions on the acquisition.

    The context?

    Nikkei’s acquisition of Financial Times follows on the heels of a long series of acquisitions in Europe by Japan’s advertising and media giant Dentsu. Given the business relationships between Nikkei and Dentsu, these may also have impact on The Financial Times, allowing The Financial Times to sell more advertising via Dentsu.

    Another issues of course is, who did NOT acquire the Financial Times: Bloomberg seems to have not been involved, and Axel Springer seems to have withdrawn.

    Nikkei Inc is not Japan’s largest media group – there are several much larger Japanese media groups, including the Yomiuri Shinbun group – the world’s largest newspaper group. Will they follow?

    The Economist next?

    It has been reported, that Pearson is currently also in the process of selling Pearson’s shares in the iconic Economist Group. Following the Financial Times acquisition by Nikkei which has been conducted low profile, we can expect much more participation in a potential Economist sale.

    Pearson only owns 50% of The Economist, the remainder is owned by Families (Cadbury, Rothschild, Schroder, Agnelli and others) and Economist staff and former staff.

    The Economist is governed by:

    • Trustees:
      • Baroness Bottomley of Nettlestone
      • Lord O’Donnell
      • Tim Clark
      • Bryan Sanderson
    • Board of Directors of 12 people

    Therefore The Economist’s government structure enables The Economist’s independence, and acquiring Pearson’s 50% will not allow control of The Economist in the way acquiring 100% of Financial Times does.

    How big is Nikkei? 6 times larger circulation than Financial Times! Larger than New York Times + Wall Street Journal combined!

    Nihon Keizai Shinbun (Nikkei) has substantially larger distribution than  Wall Street Journal, New York Times or Financial Times
    Nihon Keizai Shinbun (Nikkei) has substantially larger distribution than Wall Street Journal, New York Times or Financial Times

    Japan’s media sector is very very large, and so is Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation.

    Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation is best known in the west for the NIKKEI index, however this is only a very small part of Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation. At the core of Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation (Nikkei Inc) is the Nihon Keizai Shinbun (= Japan Economics Newspaper, Nikkei), which appears twice daily, and in terms of circulation is very much larger than New York Times, Wall Street Journal or Financial Times:

    Circulation

    • Nikkei: 2.77 million (morning) + 1.39 million (evening) + 0.43 million (digital) = 4.59 million
    • WSJ: 1.463 million (paper) + 0.734 million (digital) = 2.2 million
    • NYT: 0.868 million (paper) + 0.91 million (digital) = 1.8 million
    • FT: .225 million (paper) + .504 million (digital) = 0.73 million

    Thus, Nikkei’s circulation is larger than WSJ + NYT combined, or more than 6 times larger than Financial Times’.

    However, Nikkei is clearly behind in the transition from paper to digital.

    Financial Times, 1/4 the size of the Nikkei Corporation in terms of sales

    The Financial Times was founded on January 9, 1888.

    Financial Times Group sales have increased from around £ 400 million (approx. US$ 620 million) in 2010 to around £ 450 million (approx. US$ 700 million) in FY 2013.

    Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation (株式会社日本経済新聞社, Nikkei Inc.)

    Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation (株式会社日本経済新聞社, Nikkei Inc.) was founded on August 11, 1911, but goes back to the newspaper ChuugaiBukkaShinpou (中外物価新報) which started on January 27, 1889, almost exactly one year after the Financial Times was founded.

    Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation has the Nihon Keizai Shinbun (日本経済新聞) as its core, but owns and operates a very large number of other publishing and media businesses, including also a 31.46% holding in Televi Tokyo Holdings, one of Japan’s major TV based media groups.

    • Consolidated revenues: YEN 300.6 billion (US$ 2.4 billion) (FY2014)
    • Operating income: YEN 16.7 billion (US$ 0.135 billion) (FY2014)
    • Net income: YEN 10.26 billion (US$ 0.08 billion) (FY2014)
    • Employees: 7319 (Dec 31, 2014)

    You need to understand Japan’s huge media industry sector?

    Read our report on Japan’s Media (approx. 200 pages, pdf file)

    Copyright 2009-2015 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Heraeus Kulzer acquires EGS Srl (Enhanced Geometry Solutions)

    Japanese companies’ strategy to overcome cultural post-merger problems: European subsidiaries acquire

    Heraeus Kulzer acquires EGS, expanding both Mitsui Chemicals’ foot print in Europe and global market penetration for Mitsui Chemicals’ dental supplies business

    Japanese companies are well known to have substantial difficulties with post merger integration as a consequence of massive cultural differences which need to be overcome for successful acquisitions. One way to mitigate these difficulties is for Japanese companies to acquire a substantial European company, make this acquisition a success, and then acquire additional companies via this first successfully integrated subsidiary. One example for this path is Dentsu with its Aegis acquisition, see: Dentsu acquires Aegis. Subsequently, Aegis acquires a string of companies all over Europe for Dentsu.

    Mitsui Chemicals follows a similar strategy by first acquiring Heraeus Kulzer, which then again acquires the CAD/CAM specialist Enhanced Geometry Solutions, EGS Srl.

    Enhanced Geometry Solutions, EGS Srl, makes 3D scanners, CAD software, and digital tools for scanning, modeling, designing workflow in dental laboratories.

    Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Eurotechnology Japan KK All Rights Reserved

  • Japan to Europe M&A register

    Japan to Europe M&A register

    Japanese acquisition boom of European companies

    European technology, talent and market access

    While EU investment in Japan is steady, Japanese direct investments in Europe are rapidly increasing by about EURO 10 billion per year, and amount to about EURO 160 billion in total, almost twice as high as European investments in Japan.

    So, the reality is that Europe is about twice as attractive for Japanese direct investments than in the opposite direction.

    Japan-EU investment stock

    EU-Japan investment Foreign direct investment (FDI) stock between EU and Japan
    EU-Japan investment Foreign direct investment (FDI) stock between EU and Japan Foreign direct investment (FDI) stock between EU and Japan

    Japan-EU investment flow

    EU-Japan investment Foreign direct investment (FDI) flow between EU and Japan
    EU-Japan investment Foreign direct investment (FDI) flow between EU and Japan Foreign direct investment (FDI) flow between EU and Japan

    Overview of the direct investment flow and investment stock between Europe and Japan.

    Japan to Europe M&A register: listing of Japanese investments in and acquisitions of European companies

    2023

    2022

    2021

    2020

    2019

    • NEC to acquire Denmark’s largest IT company KMD Holding ApS for about 8 billion Danish Kroner (approx. US$ 1.2 billion). Announced 27 December 2018, to close at the end of February 2019. More details here.
    • Yusen Logistics places Transfreight Automotive Logistics Europe, located in Burnaston, Derby, UK, into voluntary liquidation on 12 July 2019 to shut down the UK part of company while expanding in other areas in Europe. Transfreight Automotive Logistics Europe main business is TOYOTA’s Burnaston plant.
    • Nidec acquires Systeme+Steuerungen GmbH (Germany)
    • Nidec acquires DESCH Antriebstechnik GmbH (Germany)
    • Asahi Kasei Medical acquires Virusure, a Vienna (Austria) based biosafety testing service provider, for details see: https://eu-japan.com/2019/10/asahi-kasei-virusure/

    2018

    • World’s largest air-conditioning equipment maker Daikin acquires Austrian AHT Cooling systems for €881m (approx. US$ 1.01 billion, 114.5 billion YEN) Announced Monday 26 November 2018. More details here.
    • Nidec acquires CIMA S.p.A. (Italy)
    • Nidec acquires MS-Graessner GmbH & CO KG (Germany)

    2017

    • Dentsu acquires 90% controlling stake of Gleam Futures using Dentsu Aegis Network as a cultural bridge. Announced 20 June 2017. More details here.
    • Hitachi Chemical acquires ISOLTE from private equity fund HQ Equita. Announced on 27 April 2017. More details here
    • Sanofi acquires SSP (エスエス製薬株式会社). Transaction on 1 Jan 2017. More details here
    • Japanese joint venture (Kansai Electric Power, trading company Sojitz, Mitsubishi UFJ Lease & FInance) invest €300m in Irish wind power plants details here
    • Yusen Logistics acquires Transfreight Europe from Mitsui & Co Ltd
    • Nidec acquires Emerson Electric Co.’s motor and electric power generation business in France
    • Nidec acquires LGB Elettropompe S.R.L. (Italy)
    • Nidec acquires Secop Group (Germany)
    • Nidec acquires driveXpert GmbH (Germany)

    2016

    • SoftBank acquires ARM Holdings for £24.0 billion (US$ 31.4 billion). The acquisition closed on 5 September 2016. Details here.
    • Asahi Group Holdings acquire five east European beer brands from Anheuser-Busch InBev for €7.3 billion. Details here.
    • Asahi Group Holdings acquires Peroni Nastro Azurro, Grolsch and Meantime for €2550 million. Detail here.
    • Nidec acquires E.C.E. S.R.L. (Italy)
    • Nidec acquires ANA IMEP SA (Romania)

    2015

    • Hitachi Rail Europe Ltd opens £82 million train factory in Newton Aycliffe, County Durham, UK. Details and analysis here.
    • Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Company to acquire UK insurance company Amlin for 2.5 billion pounds (approx. US$ 3.85 billion or ¥642 billion). Details here.
    • Nihon Keizai Shinbun Corporation (株式会社日本経済新聞社, Nikkei Inc.) acquires Financial Times for £ 844 million (approx. US$ 1.3 billion), £ 94 million more than Axel Springer’s offer of £ 750 million. Details here.
    • SoftBank acquires an additional 22.7% of Finnish game maker Supercell details here.
    • Canon announces tender offer for all outstanding shares of Swedish surveillance leader Axis AB. Canon‘s offer amounts to approximately SEK 23.6 billion (US$ 2.8 billion). For details.
    • Sosei Group acquires Heptares Therapeutics Ltd for up to US$ 400 million. Details here.
    • Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Holdings Inc (損保ジャパン日本興亜ホールディングス株式会社) acquires 7.8% in the French reinsurer Scor SE and plans to increase investment stake to 15%. Details here.
    • LINE Corporation acquires Bristol, UK based streaming music service MixRadio from Microsoft. Details here.
    • Hitachi and Finmeccanica agree for Hitachi to acquire the rail manufacturer AnsaldoBreda SpA and 40% of the signaling and rail system company Ansaldo STS SpA. Hitachi is expected to acquire the remaining 60% of Ansaldo STS SpA in a tender offer. Total estimated acquisition costs are about € 2 billion (US$ 2.2 billon). Details here.
    • NTT Communications to acquire German data center operator e-shelter facility services GmbH for approximately YEN 100 billion (US$ 840 million). Details here.
    • Nikon launches offer to acquire Scottish retina imaging company Optos plc for approximately UKL 250.48 million (US$ 387 million). Details here.
    • Nippon Life Insurance (日本生命保険相互会社) partners with AXA Group and invests a 1% stake in AXA for approx. US$ 0.62 billion. Details here.
    • Brother Industries to acquire Domino Printing Sciences plc for UKL 1.03 billion (= US$ 1.5 billion) Details here.
    • Diesel engine maker Yanmar to partner with and acquire 70% of generator maker Himoinsa details here.
    • Nidec acquires Italian power generator manufacturer Motortecnica s.r.l. details here.
    • Nidec acquires German automotive pump manufacturer Geräte- und Pumpenbau GmbH Dr. Eugen Schmidt details here.
    • Recruit acquires London based EdTech venture Quipper for US$ 39 million details here.
    • Rakuten acquires virtual mannequin venture fits.me details here.
    • Dentsu acquires Israeli digital performance marketing agency abaGaga details here.
    • Dentsu acquires Mindworks – “the fastest growing digital agency in Greece” read for details.
    • Toray acquires 55% of Italian fiber manufacturer Delta-Tech SpA including Delta-Preg SpA Read the details.
    • Nidec acquires Arisa SA in Spain
    • Nidec acquires EMG Elettromeccanica SRL (Italy)

    2014

    • Rakuten acquires Viber Media (incorporated in Cyprus, development based in Israel, CEO Marco Talmon) US$ 900 million
    • Rakuten Marketing acquires Brighton (UK) based marketing attribution specialist DC Storm. We estimate that Rakuten Marketing paid on the order of US$ 100 million for this acquisition. Details here.
    • Dentsu Aegis acquires Socializer Group (Poland, social media services, apps and media development) more here.
    • Nippon Steel & Sumikin Engineering Co., Ltd. acquires 100% of the shares of Fisia Babcock Environment GmbH (FBE) from Impregilo International Infrastructures N.V., a Dutch company wholly owned by Salini Impregilo S.p.A. (Milan, Italy) for EURO 139.3 million
    • SONY to acquire CSC Media Group (UK) for UKL 107 million, announced June 26, 2014.
    • Toshiba acquires and additional 10% of NuGeneration Ltd from GDF Suez, making NuGeneration a joint-venture between Toshiba (60%) and GDF Suez (40%). NuGeneration is a nuclear power company planning a 3.4 GigaWatt nuclear power plant in Cumbria (UK).
    • Panasonic invests in Spanish car parts maker Ficosa to jointly develop self-driving car technology. Panasonic invests approximately US$ 275 million for an approximately 50% stake (September 26, 2014). For details click here.
    • JFE Engineering acquires boiler, biomass and waste-to-energy plant maker Standardkessel Power Systems Holding GmbH for approximately YEN 10 billion (US$ 87 million). For details click here.
    • Hitachi Zosen Inova AG (HZI AG) acquires AXPO Kompogas Engineering AG (Komeng). AXPO Kompogas Engineering AG (Komeng) is an EPC planning and constructing dry fermentation plants which produce biogas and compost from biological waste using the Kompogas process. Read details here.
    • Hitachi acquires Valcom S.r.l.. Valcom S.r.l. is an Engineering, Procurement, Construction (EPC) company based in Milano (Italy). Read more details here.
    • Lixil and Development Bank of Japan acquire Grohe AG (Germany) (bathroom fittings maker) from TPG Capital and Credit Suisse EURO 3.06 Billion (US$ 4.2 Billion), for details read here.
    • Yaskawa Electric Corporation acquires The Switch Engineering Oy, manufacturer of generators and power converters for wind turbines and other applications. Details here.
    • Dentsu acquires German performance and search agency explido details here.
    • Dentsu acquires French mobile advertising agency Lesmobilizers SAS. read more here.
    • Video surveillance specialist Milestone Systems A/S acquired by Canon read more here

    2013

    • ORIX Corporation acquires 90.00001% of Robeco Groep NV (which was a subsidiary of Rabobank) EURO 1.94 Billion (US$ 2.6 Billion). Rabobank retains 10% of shares, and receives EURO 150 million shares in ORIX. Robeco Groep NV manages EURO 189 Billion in assets.
    • Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd acquires Lucozade and Ribena from GlaxoSmithKline plc (UK) UKL 1.35 Billion Pounds (US$ 2.2 Billion), completion Dec 2013
    • SoftBank and GungHo acquire 51% of Supercell (Finland) details here.
    • Sompo Japan (part of Japan’s NKSJ Insurance Holdings) acquires the UK reinsurer Canopius Group Ltd from Bregel Capital UKL 594 million (US$ 972 million). See our report: “Insurance Group NKSJ Holdings globalizes by acquiring UK reinsurer Canopius Group Ltd.
    • Dentsu Aegis Media Italy acquires a 70% stake in Simple Agency (Italian digital marketing agency) more here.
    • Toshiba acquires 50% of NuGeneration Ltd from Iberdrola for UKL 85 million (US$ 146 million). NuGeneration is a nuclear power company planning a 3.4 GigaWatt nuclear power plant in Cumbria (UK).
    • Minebea KK acquires Cerobear GmbH (June 30, 2013): Minebea KK (TSE Code: 6479) (ミネベア株式会社) acquires the German ball bearing manufacturer Cerobear GmbH via Minebea’s fully owned US subsidiary New Hampshire Ball Bearings, Inc. (NHBB). Cerobear GmbH was founded in 1989 as a spin-off of the Fraunhofer-Instituts für Produktionstechnologie IPT.
    • Minebea KK acquires APB Service GmbH (May 6, 2013): Minebea KK (TSE Code: 6479) (ミネベア株式会社) acquires the assets of the Austrian company APB Service GmbH, based in Ebensee, Austria, via Minebea’s subsidiary myonic GmbH.
    • Panasonic acquires Aupeo to stream audio into internet connected cars. For details click.
    • Integralis AG renamed NTT Com Security AG NTT Communications had acquired 78.4% of Integralis AG in a tender offer in October 2009. Details here.
    • NTT DATA completes the acquisition of itelligence AG (“We make the most of SAP solutions!”). Total acquisition price is on the order of € 150 million. itelligence AG becomes a 100% subsidiary of NTT DATA, forming NTT DATA Business Solutions. Itelligence AG itself acquires a number of SAP solution providers, and expands successfully. Details here.
    • NTT Docomo acquires Austrian e-commerce and m-commerce trading solutions platform provider fine trade gmbh for “several tens of millions of Euros”. Read details here.
    • NTT Communications acquires 91.2% of Collaboration-as-a-Service company Arkadin at a valuation of approximately US$ 463 million. Read details here.
    • Hitachi Consulting acquires Celerant Consulting (announced January 2, 2013), founded as Cambridge Management Consulting Limited. Read details here.
    • Japan’s giant advertising group Dentsu acquires Romania’s digital agency Kinecto. Details here.
    • Dentsu acquires Dutch SNS advertising firm Social Embassy BV. more here.
    • Dentsu invests in Spanish full-service media agency Ymedia SL. more here.
    • Dentsu invests in Spanish digital agency Wink TTD SL more here.
    • Mitsui Chemicals acquires dental materials specialist Heraeus Kulzer GmbH for € 450 million details here

    2012

    • Dentsu acquires Aegis Group plc US$ 4.3 Billion. Creating “dentsu AEGIS network”. For details read our blog: “Dentsu acquires Aegis
    • Toyota Tsusho Corporation invests in CFA SA US$ 2.2 Billion
    • Honda of the UK Manufacturing (HUM) announces UKL 267 million additional investments at the Swindon manufacturing site. Total investment by Honda of the UK Manufacturing (HUM) at the Swindon site estimated to be UKL 1.5 billion.
    • Hitachi “Inspire the next” opens European Rail Research Centre (ERRC) in London. Read details.
    • Hitachi acquires The Railway Engineering Company (TRE) for UKL 25.5 million, announced on December 20, 2012. For more details read here
    • Hitachi acquires Horizon Nuclear Power from Germany’s RWE and EON AG for UKL 696 million (US$ 1.2 billion). Horizon Nuclear Power is a nuclear power company planning to build nuclear power plants with up to 6 reactors delivering 5.4 GigaWatt nuclear power at two locations: Wylfa Newydd (in Wales) and Oldbury in UK. Details here.
    • NTT Docomo acquires Buongiorno SpA for € 209 million. Details here.
    • Rakuten acquires French e-publishing tool maker Aquafadas via KOBO Details here.
    • Rakuten acquires Barcelona based internet video-on-demand service Wuaki.tv Details here.
    • Rakuten acquires Beauvais (France) based logistics specialist Alpha-Direct-Services (ADS) Details here.
    • Nidec acquires Italian industrial motor maker Ansaldo Sistemi Industriali S.p.A Details here.

    2011

    • NTT Docomo increases investment in net mobile AG by up to € 28.4 million, for net mobile AG to acquire the German bank Bankverein Werther AG. Details here.
    • Takeda Pharmaceutical acquires Nycomed International Management GmbH (Switzerland) EURO 10 Billion (US$ 14 Billion)
    • Landis & Gyr AG Special Purpose Vehicle (Toshiba (60%) and Innovation Network Corporation of Japan (INCJ) (40%)) acquires Landis & Gyr AG (Switzerland) US$ 2.3 Billion. For details see here.
    • SONY Corporation acquires outstanding 50% of SONY Ericsson Mobile Communications (UK) US$ 1.5 Billion. As a result SONY Corporation owns 100% of SONY Ericsson Mobile Communications, which is renamed SONY Mobile Communications
    • Lixil acquires Permasteelisa (Italy) for €573 million.
    • Dentsu acquires Steak Group (UK, digital media group) US$ xx million.
    • Dentsu acquires Adjug (UK, advertising exchange) US$ xx million.
    • Itochu acquires Kwik-Fit UKL 637 million (US$ 1.04 billion), including settlement of UKL 457 million in debt, from the French Private Equity company PAI Partners
    • NTT Data acquires 100% of Value Team SpA for about € 250 million from Value Partners. Details here.
    • Rakuten acquires 80% of German e-commerce platform Tradoria Details here
    • Rakuten acquires Jersey based UK e-commerce portal Play.com for UKL 25 million (US$ 40 million). Details here.
    • Murata acquires MEMS sensor manufacturer VTI Technologies Oy. Details here.

    2010

    • DAIWA Securities Capital Markets invests in KBC Bonds and Equity Derivatives (Belgium) US$ 1 Billion
    • SONY divests “Sony Barcelona Tec” to Spanish car parts maker Ficosa International SA and infrastructure company Comsa Emte SL, announced on September 7, 2010. “Sony Barcelona Tec” was manufacturing SONY LCD TVs for the European market. For details click here.
    • Hitachi Zosen acquires AE&E Inova Holding AG, renamed to Hitachi Zosen Inova AG (abbreviated: HZI AG). AE&E Inova Holding AG developed from a department of the Gesellschaft der Ludwig von Roll’schen Eisenwerke for thermal waste treatment. Hitachi Zosen Inova AG is focused on: “Waste is our energy!” Read details here.
    • Rakuten acquires French ecommerce portal site PriceMinister.com for €200 million (approx. US$ 250 million). Details here.
    • Nidec acquires home appliance business of ACC Corporation (Italy)

    2009

    • NTT Communications acquired 78.4% of Integralis AG for € 59.1 million to offer managed security services. Details here.
    • NTT Docomo acquires 79.59% of Germany’s net mobile AG for € 38.9 million. Read details.
    • Canon acquires OCE NV (Netherlands) US$ 0.95 Billion
    • Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd acquires Orangina Schweppes Group YEN 300 Billion (US$ 3 Billion)
    • Suzuki Motors acquires Volkswagen (VW) shares for EURO 770 million as part of a Volkswagen-Suzuki alliance. This alliance ran into management difficulties, and Suzuki is asking for this alliance to be dissolved. The dispute came into public view via a blog posting in Japanese language by Suzuki CEO, Mr Osamu Suzuki.
    • Minebea KK acquires myonic Holding GmbH (March 5, 2009): Minebea KK (TSE Code: 6479) (ミネベア株式会社) acquires myonic Holding GmbH, based in Leutkirch, Germany.
    • Square Enix acquires Eidos Interactive for £84.3 million Read details.
    • Kyocera acquires Triumph-Adler Read details.

    2008

    • NTT Data acquires 72.9% of outstanding shares of Cirquent GmbH. Cirquent resulted from BMW’s IT department, and thus BMW is now NTT Data’s largest customer in Europe. Details here.
    • TDK acquires passive electronics component maker EPCOS for YEN 200 Billion (approx. US$ 1.859 billion) (July 31, 2008) Details here.
    • Suzuki Metal Industry Co Ltd acquires Swedish valve spring wire maker Garphyttan Wire for SEK 800 million. Details here.

    2007

    • Sumitomo Chemical acquires Cambridge Display Technology (CDT) for US$ 285 million. Read details here.
    • Olympus UK Acquisitions Ltd acquires Gyrus Group plc US$ 2.2 Billion
    • Tokyo Marin Invest (Bermuda) invests in Kiln plc US$ 0.9 Billion
    • NTT DATA enters into business partnership with itelligence AG “We make the most of SAP solutions!” Details here.
    • Yagi Tsusho acquires the UK apparel company Mackintosh. More here.
    • Yamaha acquires Austrian piano maker Bösendorfer More here.
    • Yamaha Motors and Mitsui Group establish Yamaha Motor Middle Europe B.V. (YMME). for details see: https://eu-japan.com/2007/11/yamaha-motor-middle-europe/

    2006

    2005

    • Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd (NSG) acquires Pilkington plc (UK) US$ 4 Billion, read report on presentation by Pilkington plc CEO, and later NSG Group KK CEO, Stuart Chambers “Four critical factors for Japanese corporates making major international acquisitions” (on October 3, 2008)
    • Four-Side.com Ltd invests in iTouch plc (UK) US$ 0.3 Billion
    • Asahi Kasei Fibers Corporation (AKF) of Osaka, Japan, acquires the Dorlastan fibers business of Lanxess Corporation. Lanxess Dorlastan fibers business includes production sites at Dormagen (Germany), and in Bushy Park (South Carolina, USA). Read more details.

    2004

    • Investor Group invests in DFS Furniture plc US$ 0.7 Billion
    • Mitsubishi Securities invests in Tokyo-Mitsubishi International plc US$ 0.54 Billion

    2003

    • Nomura International plc invests in Center Parks NV Holiday (Netherlands) US$ 0.5 Billion
    • Shin-Etsu Chemical invests in Clariant Cellulose Ethers Division (Switzerland) US$ 0.27 Billion
    • Sanwa Shutter Corporation invests in Novoferm GmbH (Austria) US$ 0.2 Billion

    2002

    • Nikko Principal Invest invests in UK Healthcare Properties US$ 0.4 Billion
    • Terumo Corp. invests in Vascutek Ltd (Centerpulse AG) US$ 170 million
    • Matsushita Electric (Panasonic) invests in Vossloh Elektro GmbH US$ 160 million

    2001

    • Grand Hotels Acquisition Company 1 invests in Le Meridien Hotels US$ 2.7 Billion
    • Bede Acquisition Co Ltd invests in Bass plc Pubs US$ 0.9 Billion
    • Nissan Motor acquires 15% of Renault SA (France) (nonvoting shares) for EURO 1.4 billion, as a consequence of the Renault-Nissan Alliance which started on March 27, 1999.
    • Asahi Glass invests in Glaverbel SA (Belgium) US$ 0.3 Billion

    2000

    • NTT Docomo invests in KPN Mobile NV (Netherlands) US$ 3.6 Billion
    • NTT Docomo invests in a 20% share of Hutchinson 3G UK Holdings, July 2000 UKL 1.2 billion (= US$ 1.8 Billion), sold for UKL 120 million (US$ 180 million) in May 2004.
    • Prestige Acquisitions invests in Powel Duffryn plc US$ 0.75 Billion
    • Toyota Automatic Loomworks invests in BT Industries AB (Sweden) US$ 1.2 Billion
    • Takata acquires Petri AG. Takata (producer of airbags, safety belts and children’s seats) acquires the German airbag producer Petri AG, headquartered in Aschaffenburg.
    • Mitsui & Co Ltd (70%) and Fujitrans (30%) establish Transfreight Automotive Logistics Europe.
      • Location: Lancashire (UK).
      • Business: distribution and logistics of automotive parts for Toyota

    1999

    • Japan Tobacco (JT) invests in RJ Reynolds International US$ 7.8 Billion
    • NEC invests in NEC Packard Bell Europe BV US$ 0.45 Billion

    1998

    • Future Rentals plc invests in Thorn plc US$ 1.6 Billion
    • Tudor Street Acquisitions plc invests in Inn Partnership (Grenalis) US$ 0.6 Billion
    • Nikko Europe plc invests in Roadchef plc US$ 0.3 Billion
    • Matsushita Electric (Panasonic) invests in PolyGram NV (Netherlands) US$ 0.8 Billion
    • Shin-Etsu invests in Rovin NV (Netherlands) US$ 0.3 Billion
    • Glaverbel SA invests in PPG Industries European Glass (Belgium) US$ 0.3 Billion

    1997

    • Grand Pub Ltd (Nomura) invests in Inntrepreneur, Spring Inns US$ 2 Billion
    • Grand Bookmaking Company invests in William Hill US$ 1.1 Billion
    • ICL (Fujitsu) invests in BG plc Telecommunications US$ 260 million

    1996

    • Toray Industries invests in Rhone-Poulenc Films US$ 160 million

    1995

    • RICOH acquires NRG Group PLC (formerly Gestetner Holdings plc) US$ 0.570 Billion
    • Toyota invests in Amer Group (Finland) US$ 180 million

    1994

    • Suzuki invests in Heron Suzuki US$ 60 million
    • Nomura Securities invests in VUB Kupon (Slovakia) US$ 70 million
    • Toray Industries invests in Alcanatara (Enichem SpA) US$ 120 million
    • ELCO Corporation (Kyocera) invests in Shekem Ltd (Israel) US$ 50 million
    • Itochu acquires UK tyre retailer Stapletons

    1993

    • C Itoh invests in North Sea Hudson, Hutton, North West Fields US$ 100 million
    • Nissan Europe invests in Nissan Motor Iberica US$ 60 million

    1992

    • ICL (Fujitsu) acquires Technology plc US$ 80 million
    • Honda of the UK Manufacturing (HUM) starts producing Honda Accord in Swindon

    1991

    • ICL (Fujitsu) acquires Nokia Data US$ 0.4 Billion
    • San East UK plc acquires DAKS Simpson Group plc US$ 0.2 Billion
    • Yamanouchi (today Astellas after merger with Fujisawa) acquires the pharmaceutical division of Royal Gist Brocades

    1990

    • Fujitsu acquires ICL (International Computers Ltd.) US$ 1.4 Billion

    1989

    • Honda of the UK Manufacturing (HUM) starts production at the engine plant
    • Toyota Manufacturing UK established in December 1989. Manufacturing planting Burnaston, Derbyshire, completes first Carina car on December 16, 1992.

    1988

    • Seibu Season Group acquires IHC (Intercontinental Hotels Corporation) US$ 2.3 Billion (Seibu Season Group divests IHC in March 1998 to the UK Brewery group Bass).

    1987

    1986

    1985

    • Honda of the UK Manufacturing (HUM) established

    1984

    • Nissan begins building car plant in Sunderland

    1983

    1982

    1981

    • Nissan announces plans to build a car plant in UK

    1980

    1979

    1978

    1977

    1976

    1975

    1974

    • Mitsui & Co Ltd establishes Subaru Benelux

    1973

    • SONY establishes Barcelona Technology Center (SONY Barcelona TEC) in January 1973. In August 2010 SONY-Barcelona-TEC had about 1100 employees and was manufacturing LCD TVs for the European market. The site area is about 206,000 square meters, is located at Viladecavalls near Barcelona and can be seen here on Google Maps. In 2010, SONY sold the Barcelona TEC to the Spanish Companies Ficosa and Comsa Emte SL, read details here.

    1972

    1971

    1970

    1969

    1968

    1967

    1966

    • YKK (吉田工業株式会社, Yoshida Manufacturing Corporation) YKK (U.K.) LIMITED founded in Runcorn UK.

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